Collecting U.S. Gold Dollars: History, Types, and Today’s Market

With gold prices soaring above $3,000 per ounce, many coin collectors are reassessing their approach to U.S. gold coins. While classic double eagles and eagles now command prices close to melt value-often out of reach for many-one historic and fascinating series remains relatively accessible: the U.S. Gold Dollar. Struck from 1849 to 1889, gold dollars offer collectors a chance to own genuine 19th-century gold at a fraction of the price of their larger cousins, while exploring a series rich in history, artistry, and variety.

Origins and History of the Gold Dollar

The gold dollar was introduced in 1849, a direct response to the California Gold Rush, which flooded the U.S. Mint with unprecedented quantities of gold. At just 13 mm in diameter, the gold dollar was the smallest regular-issue coin ever struck by the United States. Designed by Chief Engraver James B. Longacre, the denomination was intended as a practical alternative to the silver dollar, which was often hoarded or exported.

Gold dollars were minted continuously for four decades, but their practicality was always debated. Their small size made them easy to lose and susceptible to wear. By the late 19th century, most gold dollars were used for jewelry or as gifts, and the denomination was abolished in 1890.

Three Types of Gold Dollars

The gold dollar series is divided into three distinct types, each with its own design and collecting challenges:

TypeYearsObverse DesignDiameterNotable FeaturesType I1849–1854Liberty Head (from $20)13 mmSmallest U.S. coin; high mintage; workhorseType II1854–1856Indian Princess (small)15 mmStriking issues; weak centers; rarest typeType III1856–1889Indian Princess (large)15 mmImproved striking; wider portrait

  • Type I: Features a Liberty Head similar to the $20 double eagle. These coins were heavily used in commerce, so most show wear. Over 4 million were struck in 1853 alone.

  • Type II: Introduced a new Indian Princess design, but the high-relief portrait caused weak strikes, especially on the date. This type is the scarcest, with fewer than 2 million minted.

  • Type III: The portrait was enlarged and relief lowered to improve striking. Most gold dollars seen today are Type III.

Mintmarks and Southern Gold

Gold dollars were struck at several mints, including Philadelphia, New Orleans, Charlotte, Dahlonega, and San Francisco. Southern branch mint issues-especially those from Charlotte (C) and Dahlonega (D)-are highly prized for their rarity and historical significance. The 1861-D gold dollar is especially notable as the only U.S. coin struck with certainty by the Confederate States of America.

Affordability and Market Trends

With today’s high gold prices, gold dollars remain one of the most affordable entry points for collecting classic U.S. gold. Each contains about 0.04837 troy ounces of gold (melt value ~$145 at $3,000/oz), and common-date examples in lower grades can be found for $350–$500. Many dates, especially Type III issues, are available for under $500, even in attractive grades.

Rarer dates and Southern mint issues can command much higher prices. The legendary 1849-C Open Wreath, for example, is a six-figure rarity, with Mint State examples selling for over $1.5 million. The 1875 gold dollar, with a mintage of just 400, is another key date, yet can sometimes be found for under $20,000 in Mint State.

Ways to Collect Gold Dollars

There are several popular strategies for collecting U.S. gold dollars:

  • By Type: Acquire one example of each of the three major types-an affordable and educational approach.

  • By Date and Mintmark: Assemble a complete set by year, mint, or both. This can be a challenging and rewarding pursuit, especially for Southern branch mint issues.

  • By Grade: Focus on the highest quality coins you can afford. For common dates, MS65 or MS66 coins with great eye appeal are recommended; for rare dates, attractive AU or MS60 coins are a smart choice9.

  • By Rarity: Target low-mintage or historically significant issues, such as the 1861-D or 1875 gold dollars.

Tips for Collectors

  • Buy the Best You Can Afford: Quality always matters. Focus on coins with strong eye appeal, minimal wear, and good luster79.

  • Authentication is Crucial: Only buy certified coins from reputable dealers or grading services (NGC, PCGS) to avoid counterfeits and cleaned coins5.

  • Handle with Care: Gold dollars are small and easily damaged. Store them in protective holders and avoid cleaning.

  • Watch for Jewelry Damage: Many gold dollars were used in jewelry and may have solder marks or mounting evidence. These are less desirable to most collectors.

  • Study the Series: Learn about strike characteristics, die varieties, and historical context to make informed purchases.

Why Collect Gold Dollars?

  • History: Gold dollars are tangible artifacts of the California Gold Rush, the Civil War, and the economic growth of 19th-century America.

  • Affordability: Compared to larger gold coins, gold dollars offer a lower-cost entry into classic U.S. gold.

  • Variety: With three types, multiple mints, and a range of rarities, there’s something for every collector.

  • Stability: Unlike double eagles and eagles, gold dollars are not subject to large hoards returning to the market, so populations are stable

2000 Cheerios Cent: History, Varieties, and Value

The 2000 “Cheerios” Lincoln Cent is one of the most fascinating and accessible promotional coins in modern U.S. numismatics. Born from a creative partnership between the United States Mint and General Mills, this coin not only marked the dawn of a new millennium but also introduced a generation of Americans-many of them children-to the excitement of coin collecting. Here’s an in-depth look at the history, varieties, and value of the 2000 Cheerios Cent.

The Cheerios Promotion: A Marketing Milestone

In 2000, the U.S. Mint launched an ambitious PR campaign to promote the new Sacagawea dollar and invigorate interest in coin collecting. Partnering with General Mills, the Mint distributed 10 million 2000-dated Lincoln cents and 5,500 Sacagawea dollars in boxes of Cheerios cereal. Each specially marked box contained a cent, while every 2,000th box included both a cent and a Sacagawea dollar. Every 4,400th box had a certificate redeemable for $100 in Sacagawea dollars.

The cents were packaged in plastic blister packs mounted on decorative cards, labeled as “First Pennies of the New Millennium.” While all coins were struck at the Philadelphia Mint, the card illustrations featured San Francisco “S” mintmarks-an interesting quirk for collectors.

How to Identify a Cheerios Cent

  • Packaging: The only way to definitively identify a Cheerios Cent is by its original promotional packaging.

  • Grading: NGC designates these as “Cheerios Promotion,” while PCGS labels them as a Minor Variety. The coins must be submitted in their original, sealed packaging to receive the Cheerios designation.

Value:
A 2000 Cheerios Cent in original packaging typically sells for about $10.

Varieties: The Wide AM Reverse

Not all Cheerios Cents are created equal. Writer Richard Giedroyc estimates that about 10% (one million) of the Cheerios cents are the Wide AM Reverse variety. On these coins, the letters “A” and “M” in “AMERICA” are spaced farther apart than on the standard issue, indicating the use of a Proof reverse die.

  • Wide AM Reverse Value: These coins, if identified (which requires removing them from the original packaging), can sell for $30 or more.

  • Note: Once removed from the packaging, the coin loses its “Cheerios Promotion” designation.

Top Grades: Superb Gems and Auction Results

Most 2000 Cheerios Cents are ordinary business strikes and show typical contact marks from mass production and handling. However, a small number have survived in exceptional condition:

  • Superb Gem (MS67 or higher): These are rare and highly sought after.

  • Finest Known: PCGS has certified 11 coins at MS68RD, and NGC has graded 3 at MS69RD (as of May 2025).

  • Auction Prices:

    • NGC MS69RD: $1,440 (Heritage Auctions, May 2024)

    • PCGS MS68RD: $1,560 (Stack’s Bowers, March 2024)

    • PCGS MS68RD: $3,600 (Stack’s Bowers, May 2019)

Design Details

Obverse:

  • Designer: Victor David Brenner

  • Portrait: Right-facing bust of Abraham Lincoln

  • Inscriptions: “IN GOD WE TRUST” (above), “LIBERTY” (left), “2000” (right), VDB initials under shoulder

  • No mintmark (Philadelphia issue)

Reverse:

  • Designer: Frank Gasparro

  • Image: Lincoln Memorial with a tiny seated Lincoln visible

  • Inscriptions: “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” (top), “E PLURIBUS UNUM” (above memorial), “ONE CENT” (bottom)

  • FG initials at lower right of the memorial

Edge:

  • Plain (smooth)

Collecting Tips

  • Original Packaging: Retain the original Cheerios packaging for maximum value and to qualify for special grading designations.

  • Wide AM Hunt: If you’re a variety hunter, consider opening the packaging to check for the Wide AM reverse-but know this will forfeit the Cheerios label.

  • High Grades: Seek out coins graded MS67 or higher for the best investment potential.

  • Authentication: Beware of counterfeit packaging or coins; buy from reputable dealers or with third-party certification.

Legacy and Collectibility

The 2000 Cheerios Cent is a unique crossover between numismatics and pop culture, remembered fondly by collectors and cereal fans alike. Its story, combined with the potential for rare varieties and top grades, ensures its continued popularity in the hobby.

2009-D Lincoln Cent – Formative Years: A Collector’s Guide

The 2009-D Lincoln Cent, Formative Years, is a fascinating modern issue that captures a pivotal chapter in Abraham Lincoln’s life and in the story of American coinage. As the second release in the four-coin Lincoln Bicentennial series, it commemorates Lincoln’s journey from humble beginnings to national prominence. This guide offers a deep dive into the coin’s history, design, varieties, and collecting strategies.

Historical Background: Lincoln’s Formative Years in Indiana

After financial struggles and land disputes in Kentucky, the Lincoln family moved to the Indiana frontier in 1816 when Abraham was just seven. Life was challenging, but the move offered better prospects for land ownership. Young Abraham spent much of his time helping his father, Thomas Lincoln, establish an 80-acre homestead. Despite the demands of frontier life, Lincoln’s stepmother, Sarah Bush Johnston, encouraged his love of learning. This period of self-education and hard work laid the foundation for Lincoln’s later achievements.

The 2009 Lincoln Bicentennial Cent Program

To honor the 200th anniversary of Lincoln’s birth, the U.S. Mint issued four unique cent designs in 2009, each representing a different stage of Lincoln’s life:

  1. Birth and Early Childhood (Kentucky)

  2. Formative Years (Indiana)

  3. Professional Life (Illinois)

  4. Presidency (Washington, D.C.)

The Formative Years cent, with its “D” mintmark, was struck at the Denver Mint and is the focus of this guide.

Design Details

Obverse

  • Designer: Victor David Brenner (original 1909 design)

  • Features: Classic right-facing portrait of Lincoln, “IN GOD WE TRUST” above, “LIBERTY” to the left, date “2009” and “D” mintmark to the right. Brenner’s initials “V.D.B.” appear under Lincoln’s bust.

Reverse

  • Designer: Charles L. Vickers

  • Features: A young Abraham Lincoln sits on a log, reading a book after splitting rails. Tools (mallet and wedge) rest nearby, symbolizing his work ethic and quest for knowledge.

  • Inscriptions: “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” arcs above, “ONE CENT” is centered, and “E ∙ PLURIBUS ∙ UNUM” runs along the bottom. Vickers’ initials “CLV” are at the bottom right of the log.

Edge

  • Plain (smooth)

Mintage and Varieties

  • Circulation Strike (Zinc):

    • Mintage: 363,600,000 (Denver)

    • Composition: .992 zinc, .008 copper, plated with pure copper

    • Weight: 2.50 grams

  • Collector Satin Finish (Copper):

    • Mintage: 784,614 (across all 2009-D Bicentennial cents in Uncirculated Sets)

    • Composition: .950 copper, .050 tin and zinc

    • Weight: 3.11 grams

Note: The copper-alloy version was only available in special collector sets and is distinguishable by its heavier weight and richer color.

Collecting the 2009-D Lincoln Formative Years Cent

Circulation Strikes

  • Availability: Common in circulation and rolls; high-grade Mint State Red (MSRD) examples are more challenging and command premiums.

  • Market Trends: Raw coins from new rolls typically sell for $1–$2. High-grade certified examples (MS68RD and above) can fetch $100–$250 or more at auction.

  • Top Populations:

    • PCGS MS69RD: 3 coins (as of May 2025)

    • NGC MS68RD: 33 coins

    • CAC MS66RD: 13 coins

Collector Copper Versions

  • Source: 2009 U.S. Mint Uncirculated Coin Sets (Satin Finish)

  • Price: Mint sets originally sold for $27.95; now trade around $30.

  • Certified High Grades: NGC MS69RD and PCGS SP69RD examples sell for $100–$200.

Market Data and Noteworthy Sales

  • PCGS MS68RD #50727467: Sold for $255 (March 2025, eBay, 13 bids)

  • PCGS MS67RD (First Day of Issue): Marketed for $4,495 in May 2009 (then a top pop, now surpassed)

  • NGC MS69RD (Copper, Satin Finish): Sold for $115–$200 in recent eBay sales

Collecting Tips

  • Condition is Key: Seek out coins with full red luster and minimal marks for the best long-term value.

  • Check for Varieties: While major errors are rare, look for die cracks, doubled dies, or other minor varieties that can add interest and value.

  • Copper vs. Zinc: The copper Satin Finish coins are scarcer and more desirable to many collectors than their zinc counterparts.

  • Certification: For high-value coins, certification by PCGS, NGC, or CAC ensures authenticity and grade.

Specifications at a Glance

AttributeCirculation Strike (Zinc)Satin Finish (Copper)MintmarkD (Denver)D (Denver)Mintage363,600,000784,614Alloy.992 Zn, .008 Cu (plated).950 Cu, .050 Sn/ZnWeight2.50 g3.11 gDiameter19.05 mm19.05 mmEdgePlainPlainOBV DesignerVictor David BrennerVictor David BrennerREV DesignerCharles L. VickersCharles L. Vickers

Legacy and Collectibility

The 2009-D Lincoln Formative Years Cent is more than just a commemorative issue-it’s a tribute to Abraham Lincoln’s journey from humble beginnings to greatness. Its place in the four-coin Bicentennial series, coupled with its historical and design appeal, make it a must-have for modern U.S. cent collectors.

2006-W American Gold Buffalo Proof: A Collector’s Guide

The 2006-W American Gold Buffalo Proof holds a special place in modern U.S. numismatics as the nation’s first .9999 fine (24-karat) gold coin. Combining James Earle Fraser’s iconic Buffalo Nickel design with the highest purity gold ever issued by the U.S. Mint, this coin quickly became a favorite among collectors and investors alike. Here’s a comprehensive look at its history, design, collecting strategies, and current market trends.

Origins and Historical Significance

The American Gold Buffalo was authorized by the Presidential $1 Coin Act of 2005 and launched in 2006. This marked the first time the U.S. Mint struck a gold coin in 24-karat (.9999 fine) gold, expanding the Mint’s bullion offerings beyond the popular American Gold Eagle (which is 22-karat).

The Gold Buffalo’s debut was met with enthusiasm, partly due to the popularity of Fraser’s classic design and the success of the 2001 silver commemorative Buffalo dollar. The first Proof Buffalos were struck at the West Point Mint on June 20, 2006, and released to the public two days later. Demand for the new coin outpaced even that year’s Gold Eagle Proofs.

Design Details

Obverse

  • Portrait: A right-facing profile of a mature Native American, adapted from Fraser’s original Buffalo Nickel (1913–1938).

  • Inscriptions: “LIBERTY” curves along the rim; the date “2006” and the “W” mintmark appear on the shoulder.

  • Designer Initial: An incuse “F” for Fraser is below the date.

Reverse

  • Image: A powerful American bison stands on a mound, echoing the original Buffalo Nickel reverse.

  • Inscriptions: “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and “E PLURIBUS UNUM” arch above the buffalo; “IN GOD WE TRUST” is to the left above the ground.

  • Denomination & Fineness: Incuse lettering on the mound reads “$50,” “1 OZ.,” and “.9999 FINE GOLD.”

Collecting the 2006-W Gold Buffalo Proof

Mintage and Availability

  • Mintage Limit: 250,000

  • Final Mintage: 246,267 (after returns)

  • Status: Highest mintage Proof in the Gold Buffalo series; considered a “common date.”

The coin is widely available in both original government packaging (OGP) and as certified specimens from major grading services.

Raw vs. Certified Coins

  • Raw Coins: Acceptable if purchased directly from the U.S. Mint or reputable dealers. Beware of counterfeits, which exist both as raw coins and in fake holders.

  • Certified Coins: Offer authentication, grade guarantee, and easier storage. Top grades (PR69/PR70) are especially popular with investors.

Grading Trends

  • PR69 vs. PR70: The population of PR70 coins is expected to grow as more coins are submitted for grading. Many raw coins may qualify for the highest grades if well-preserved.

Market Data and Recent Sales

Population Reports (as of late 2024)

  • PCGS PR70DCAM: 6,960 coins

  • NGC PF70UCAM: 21,086 coins

  • CAC PR70DCAM: 74 coins

Recent eBay Sales

  • NGC PF70UCAM: $3,800 (May 2025, Anna Babral label)

  • PCGS PR70DCAM: $3,803.49 (April 2025, Buy It Now)

  • PCGS PR70DCAM: $3,950 (April 2025, Buy It Now)

  • PCGS PR70DCAM: $4,598 (March 2025, Buy It Now)

  • NGC PF70UCAM: $2,855–$3,800 (October 2024–May 2025, various signature labels)

Note: Prices vary by grade, label, and market demand. PR69 coins trade at lower premiums, while PR70s with special labels or CAC stickers command the highest prices.

Collector Tips

  • Buy from Trusted Sources: Always purchase from the U.S. Mint, established dealers, or coins certified by PCGS/NGC/CAC.

  • Consider Grading: Well-preserved raw coins may be candidates for PR70, but certification adds value and security.

  • Watch for Counterfeits: Both raw and slabbed fakes exist; due diligence is essential.

  • Original Packaging: Coins in OGP may appeal to some collectors, while others prefer certified coins for liquidity and assurance.

  • Long-Term Outlook: As the first 24-karat gold U.S. coin and with a classic design, the 2006-W Buffalo Proof remains a cornerstone for gold and modern U.S. coin collectors.

Why Collect the 2006-W American Gold Buffalo Proof?

  • Historic First: The Mint’s first .9999 fine gold coin.

  • Iconic Design: Fraser’s Buffalo Nickel is a perennial favorite among collectors.

  • Strong Market: High demand, robust resale value, and widespread recognition.

  • Investment Appeal: One ounce of pure gold, with numismatic and bullion value.

The 2006-W American Gold Buffalo Proof is more than just a bullion coin-it’s a modern classic, blending American artistry with precious metal purity. Whether you’re a numismatist, investor, or simply appreciate beautiful coins, this Buffalo deserves a place in your collection.

The 1964 Kennedy Half Dollar Proof: A Collector’s Guide to America’s Last 90% Silver Proof Half

The 1964 Kennedy Half Dollar Proof is one of the most historically significant and collectible coins of the 20th century. Struck in the wake of President John F. Kennedy’s tragic assassination, this coin not only commemorates a beloved leader but also marks the end of an era for U.S. silver coinage. Here’s an in-depth look at its origins, design, varieties, rarity, and market value.

Historical Background

The Kennedy Half Dollar was authorized by Congress in December 1963, just weeks after President Kennedy’s assassination. The U.S. Mint moved with unprecedented speed, releasing the new half dollar in March 1964. Public demand was overwhelming: lines formed outside banks and the Treasury, and the coins were hoarded as patriotic keepsakes and silver investments.

1964 was also the last year circulating U.S. half dollars were struck in 90% silver. From 1965 onward, the silver content was reduced to 40%, and by 1971, half dollars were made from copper-nickel clad-a major shift in American coinage.

Design and Specifications

  • Obverse:
    Designed by Gilroy Roberts, the obverse features a left-facing portrait of John F. Kennedy, adapted from his inaugural medal. The inscriptions “LIBERTY,” “IN GOD WE TRUST,” and the date “1964” encircle the portrait. Roberts’ initials appear on the truncation of Kennedy’s neck above “WE”.

  • Reverse:
    Frank Gasparro designed the reverse, adapting the Presidential Seal: a heraldic eagle with a shield, clutching olive branches and arrows, surrounded by 50 stars. The inscriptions “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and “HALF DOLLAR” complete the design. Gasparro’s initials “FG” are tucked between the eagle’s left leg and tail.

  • Edge: Reeded

Specifications:

AttributeValueComposition90% Silver, 10% CopperWeight12.5 gramsDiameter30.6 mmMintage3,950,762 (Proof)MintPhiladelphia

Proof Coinage and Packaging

The 1964 Proof Kennedy Half Dollar was included in the final Philadelphia-minted annual Proof Set (1950–1964). Each set, originally sold for $2.10, contained one Proof coin of each denomination, packaged in soft plastic with a U.S. Mint seal1.

Proof coins were struck with polished dies and planchets, resulting in mirror-like fields and frosted devices. Most 1964 Proofs grade PR65 or better, but only a small fraction exhibit the coveted Cameo or Deep Cameo (Ultra Cameo) contrast, making those pieces especially desirable21.

Key Varieties: The Accented Hair Proof

The most famous variety is the “Accented Hair” Proof, sometimes called the Type I Proof. This variety, believed to represent about 3% of the total mintage, features more pronounced hair detail above Kennedy’s ear-a result of an early obverse die. The Accented Hair variety is the key to the 1964 Proof series and commands a significant premium, especially in high grades1.

How to Identify the Accented Hair Variety:

  • Obverse: More pronounced hair strands above the ear.

  • Reverse: Some examples show a missing serif on the “I” in “LIBERTY.”

Rarity and Value

Despite a mintage of nearly 4 million, the 1964 Proof Kennedy Half Dollar remains highly collectible due to its historical context and silver content. Common Proofs trade for $11–$38 in lower grades, but Cameo and Deep Cameo examples are much scarcer and can fetch hundreds to thousands of dollars.

  • Standard Proofs:
    PR60: ~$11
    PR67: ~$38
    PR70: Up to $2,800

  • Cameo/Deep Cameo:
    PR68DCAM: Several hundred dollars
    PR69DCAM: $1,500–$5,000+
    PR70: Auction records up to $9,400

  • Accented Hair Proofs:
    In top condition, these can sell for five times the price of a standard Proof of the same grade. PR68DCAM examples have realized auction prices from $6,000 to over $46,000, with the finest known coins bringing even more.

Collecting Tips

  • Condition Matters: Seek out coins graded PR68 or higher for the best combination of beauty and value.

  • Look for Cameos: Cameo and Deep Cameo designations are rare and command significant premiums.

  • Varieties: The Accented Hair variety is the most sought-after and a must-have for serious Kennedy collectors.

  • Certification: Buy certified coins from reputable grading services (PCGS, NGC, CAC) to ensure authenticity and grade.

Legacy and Collectibility

The 1964 Kennedy Half Dollar Proof is more than just a coin-it’s a piece of American history, a tribute to a fallen president, and the last of the great 90% silver Proof half dollars. Its enduring popularity is fueled by its story, design, and intrinsic value. Whether you’re a seasoned numismatist or a new collector, this coin offers a tangible connection to a pivotal moment in U.S. history.

Have you added a 1964 Kennedy Half Dollar Proof to your collection? Share your stories and collecting tips in the comments below!

Stack’s Bowers to Auction Landmark Hobo Nickel Collection: Over 600 Pieces from Candace Kagin

The world of hobo nickels-a unique blend of numismatic history and American folk art-is about to witness a landmark event. Candace Kagin, one of the foremost collectors in the field, has announced the sale of her extraordinary collection of more than 600 hobo nickels. The collection will be auctioned in a series of public sales by Stack’s Bowers Galleries beginning August 2025 in Oklahoma City, coinciding with the American Numismatic Association’s World’s Fair of Money.

What Are Hobo Nickels?

Hobo nickels are Indian Head (Buffalo) 5-cent coins that have been hand-carved by artists, transforming the original designs into miniature works of art. Using simple tools-sometimes just a nail or knife-artists would alter the coin’s features, often creating whimsical portraits, scenes, or characters. This tradition began in the early 20th century, with the coins serving as both creative expression and currency for itinerant workers and “hobos” who traveled the country by rail.

Highlights from the Kagin Collection

Candace Kagin’s collection is renowned for its breadth and depth, encompassing both classic and modern hobo nickels. Her journey began in 2004 at a Florida United Numismatists convention, and in 2012 she acquired the Larry Frost collection, bringing her holdings to over 600 pieces.

Among the treasures to be offered are pieces attributed to legendary carvers Bertrand “Bert” Wiegand and his protégé, George Washington “Bo” Hughes. Both men are considered pioneers of the craft, creating their art while traveling the rails and often exchanging their carved nickels for food or shelter.

  • Bert Wiegand (active 1913–1949): Known for his finely detailed carvings, Wiegand often signed his work by altering the word “LIBERTY” to leave “BERT” or by carving his name directly into the coin. His pieces are highly prized and rarely come to market.

  • Bo Hughes (active 1915–1957): A prolific artist whose work is distinguished by unique stylistic elements and, occasionally, his initials “GH,” “GWH,” or “George H.” Hughes continued carving even after a hand injury in 1957, adapting his technique and producing some of his most distinctive pieces in later years.

Kagin’s early collecting focused on nickels depicting women or those carved by female artists, adding further rarity and diversity to the collection.

Market for Hobo Nickels: Artistry Meets Rarity

Hobo nickels have seen a surge in collector interest in recent years. Classic carvings by Wiegand and Hughes have set auction records-one Wiegand nickel fetched $31,800 in 2021, while a Hughes “DICER” carving sold for $24,200 in 2013. Most hobo nickels, however, remain accessible, with prices for lesser-known artists ranging from $100 to $300. Modern “neo-bo” nickels are also popular, though collectors value the originality and history of early examples.

A Folk Art Legacy on the Auction Block

The upcoming Stack’s Bowers auctions will offer collectors a rare chance to acquire pieces with direct pedigrees to the art form’s founding figures. Many of the coins in Kagin’s collection are expected to draw spirited bidding, especially those with provenance to Wiegand and Hughes.

Stack’s Bowers Galleries, with its long-standing reputation for handling major numismatic collections, will conduct the sales both in-person and online, ensuring global participation.

Why Collect Hobo Nickels?

  • Historical Significance: Each coin is a tangible piece of Depression-era history and American ingenuity.

  • Artistic Appeal: Every hobo nickel is unique, reflecting the creativity and skill of its maker.

  • Collectibility: With known pedigrees and artist attributions, classic hobo nickels are increasingly recognized as miniature masterpieces.

Hikers Uncover Hidden Gold Worth $340,000 in Czech Forest: A Modern-Day Treasure Tale

What began as an ordinary winter hike in the scenic Krkonoše Mountains of the Czech Republic turned into a discovery that would make any coin collector’s heart race: a hidden cache of nearly 600 gold coins and a trove of antique jewelry, valued at an astonishing $340,000.

A Mossy Wall, a Glint of Gold, and a Mystery Unfolds

Two friends, out for a peaceful stroll this February, noticed something unusual in a moss-covered stone wall. “There’s something here,” one remarked. They were right. Tucked inside the wall was an aluminum canister, wrapped in black fabric and brimming with gold coins-598 in total, weighing more than 15 pounds.

But the adventure didn’t stop there. Nearby, the hikers unearthed a second cache: a metal box containing 16 ornate snuffboxes, ten gold bracelets, a delicate comb, a chain with a tiny key, and a vintage powder compact. The treasures, now in the care of the Museum of Eastern Bohemia, have captivated both archaeologists and collectors around the world.

Coins with a Story: From Napoleon to the Ottoman Empire

The gold coins span more than a century, dating from 1808 to 1915, and hail from multiple countries-including France, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, and the Ottoman Empire. Some coins even bear countermarks from 1921, hinting at their circulation in the turbulent regions that are now Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

For numismatists, the diversity and history behind these coins are tantalizing. Each piece is a witness to Europe’s shifting borders, wars, and economies. Some may have been prized family heirlooms; others could have been amassed as a portable store of wealth in uncertain times.

Who Hid the Treasure-and Why?

The origins of the hoard remain a mystery. Was it hidden by a Jewish or Czech family fleeing Nazi persecution in the late 1930s, as some experts suggest? Or could it have been stashed by the Nazis themselves as World War II drew to a close?

What’s clear, says Museum researcher Jiří Brádle, is that the motive was not about spending power, but about preserving precious metal. “This was about the gold itself. It was deliberately hidden because it was precious metal,” Brádle told Radio Prague International.

A Finder’s Reward-and a Collector’s Dream

Under Czech law, the hikers may be entitled to a finder’s reward of up to 10% of the treasure’s value-a handsome sum for a day’s walk in the woods.

For coin collectors, this discovery is a reminder that history is never far away-and that even the most unassuming places can hold astonishing secrets. Each coin and artifact adds a new chapter to the story of Europe’s past, and their survival through war and upheaval makes them all the more remarkable.

Is the Nickel Next to Go? Treasury Eyes Cheaper Materials as Costs Soar

With the U.S. penny now officially decreasing its production cost far exceeding its face value, all eyes in the numismatic community have turned to the five-cent nickel. The latest U.S. Mint reports reveal a startling fact: each nickel now costs nearly 14 cents to produce-almost triple its face value-prompting the Treasury to consider major changes to this classic American coin.

A Costly Coin in a Changing Economy

The nickel’s predicament isn’t new, but the numbers are more dramatic than ever. For the 19th consecutive year, both pennies and nickels have cost more to make than they’re worth. In 2024, the U.S. Mint spent about 3.7 cents to produce each penny and a staggering 13.78 cents per nickel. The rising prices of copper and nickel, both essential for coin production, have driven these expenses sky-high.

President Donald Trump’s administration has already pulled the plug on the penny, citing wasteful spending. But eliminating the nickel is a trickier proposition. As Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent recently told Congress, “The nickel costs more than a nickel to produce, but we are looking at a material change, material changes in the materials that would reduce the cost to or below a nickel”.

A History of Change: The Nickel’s Many Faces

Collectors know that the nickel has a rich history of compositional changes. The original Shield nickels (1866–1883) were struck in the same copper-nickel alloy used today-75% copper, 25% nickel. During World War II, the Mint swapped out nickel for silver and manganese to conserve strategic materials, creating the famous “war nickels” with their large mintmarks above Monticello.

These changes weren’t just about economics-they reflected the nation’s shifting priorities and technological needs. The nickel’s design has also evolved, from the Liberty Head and Buffalo to the enduring Jefferson motif, each with its own story and collector appeal

What’s Next? Material Changes, Not Elimination

While the penny’s demise was driven by pure economics, the nickel’s future may be more nuanced. The Treasury is not looking to eliminate the coin, but rather to change its composition to something more affordable-potentially a cheaper alloy that still works in vending machines and coin-operated systems. The challenge is finding a material that maintains the nickel’s weight, electromagnetic properties, and durability, all vital for commerce and automation.

For now, the nickel remains safe from extinction. But as cash usage declines and production costs rise, its days in its current form may be numbered. Collectors may want to keep an eye on today’s nickels-they could soon be the last of their kind.

Collector’s Corner: Why This Matters

  • Historical Precedent: Just as wartime nickels became sought-after collectibles, a new composition could create another short-lived, collectible subtype.

  • Design and Composition: Changes in metal content often coincide with design tweaks or special mintmarks, making for interesting sets and varieties.

  • Modern Rarity: If production numbers drop further or a new alloy is introduced, current nickels could become key dates for future collectors.

Final Thoughts

Change is no stranger to American coinage. From the silver dimes and quarters of yesteryear to the zinc penny and the war nickel, each shift tells a story about our economy, technology, and culture. As the Treasury weighs the future of the nickel, collectors have a front-row seat to history in the making-and perhaps, a new collecting opportunity on the horizon.

What do you think about the potential changes to the nickel? Will you be setting aside rolls of 2024 or earlier nickels just in case? Share your thoughts and collecting strategies in the comments!

Hidden Gold: Modern U.S. Commemorative $5 Coins with Ultra-Low Mintages

The world of coin collecting is full of surprises, but few are as quietly compelling as the recent U.S. gold commemorative coins with ultra-low mintages. While classic rarities and vintage gold pieces often steal the spotlight, some of the most intriguing opportunities for collectors today are hiding in plain sight among modern commemoratives. Let’s take a closer look at three standout examples-and why they deserve a spot in your collection.

1. 2019 American Legion Centennial $5 Gold Coin

Background & Design

Issued to honor the 100th anniversary of the American Legion, this $5 gold coin is part of a commemorative trio. The design features a bold, soaring eagle-a symbol of strength and freedom-alongside a “V” for victory and a stylized Eiffel Tower, referencing the Legion’s founding in Paris after World War I. The artistry is powerful and patriotic, making it a visual standout in the modern commemorative series.

Mintage & Value

  • Uncirculated: Only 3,090 coins minted

  • Proof: 10,920 coins minted

These numbers are astonishingly low compared to earlier commemoratives. For example, the 1986 Statue of Liberty $5 gold coin had over 95,000 uncirculated and more than 400,000 proof coins produced. Despite its rarity, the American Legion $5 typically trades for prices close to its gold content (about 0.2418 oz per coin), making it a bargain for those who appreciate both scarcity and intrinsic value.

2. 2020 Basketball Hall of Fame 60th Anniversary $5 Gold Coin

Background & Design

Celebrating the 60th anniversary of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, this commemorative is affectionately known as the “Basketball commem.” The coin’s design is strikingly modern and abstract, featuring a basketball in flight and stylized imagery that captures the energy of the game. It’s a bold departure from traditional coin motifs, appealing to both sports fans and collectors.

Mintage & Value

  • Uncirculated: 3,261 coins minted

  • Proof: 8,070 coins minted

Again, these are extremely low mintages by modern standards. Yet, like the American Legion coin, the Basketball $5 trades at prices closely tied to its gold value, offering collectors a rare and affordable entry point into modern gold commemoratives.

3. 2021 National Law Enforcement Memorial and Museum $5 Gold Coin

Background & Design

This coin honors the service and sacrifice of America’s law enforcement officers. The obverse features two busts of officers, rendered in a classic, traditional style that resonates with collectors who appreciate timeless design. The reverse includes a badge and wreath, further emphasizing the theme of honor and remembrance.

Mintage & Value

  • Uncirculated: Only 1,878 coins minted

  • Proof: 5,799 coins minted

These are the lowest mintages of the group-making this coin a true sleeper rarity. Yet, its market price remains closely aligned with its gold content, making it an exceptional value for those who recognize its long-term potential.

Why Are These Coins Overlooked?

The U.S. Mint has produced a wide variety of commemorative coins in recent years, and the sheer volume can overwhelm even seasoned collectors. As a result, many modern issues-especially gold commemoratives-don’t get the attention they deserve. But history shows that coins with low mintages and strong designs often become highly sought-after as time passes and collector interest grows.

Collector’s Takeaway: Opportunity Knocks

If you’re looking to add true modern rarities to your collection, these $5 gold commemoratives represent a golden opportunity. Their combination of:

  • Ultra-low mintages

  • Appealing, meaningful designs

  • Prices close to gold value

…makes them some of the most compelling buys in today’s numismatic market.

Tips for Collectors

  • Act Soon: As more collectors discover these coins, prices could rise quickly.

  • Buy the Best You Can Afford: Focus on coins in top condition (proof or uncirculated) with original packaging and certificates of authenticity.

  • Diversify: Consider acquiring all three coins as a modern “mini-set” of low-mintage gold commemoratives.

Groundbreaking Video Game Rewards Players With Unique Coin Offerings, Including Special, Limited-Edition United States Mint Silver Eagles

Nice Gang, a new mobile gaming studio, has partnered with the United States Mint to create a groundbreaking collaboration aimed at engaging a new generation of coin collectors. This partnership follows the Mint's previous collaboration with DC Comics and represents an innovative approach to promoting special, limited-edition coins

Eighth Era: A Revolutionary Gaming Experience

Nice Gang's flagship mobile game, Eighth Era, is set to revolutionize the gaming industry by offering players the opportunity to win physical collectibles, specifically unique silver bullion coins with a first-of-its-kind privy mark

This free-to-play mobile game features:

  • Over 90 unique characters inspired by historical coins

  • Chances to win physical coins in various metals and finishes

  • Early access to limited-edition American Silver Eagles with a special star privy mark

The game's design draws inspiration from iconic coins such as the ancient Greek Athenian Owl tetradrachm, the 1839 British £5 Una and the Lion gold coin, the Indian Head/Buffalo nickel, and the early 20th century Saint-Gaudens Double Eagle

Collaboration Details

The partnership between Nice Gang and the U.S. Mint offers several unique features:

  • Players can gain early access to American Silver Eagle bullion coins with a star privy mark

  • The initial release will have the lowest mintage of bullion Silver Eagles in U.S. Mint history, limited to 50,000 coins

  • Plans are already in place for a second offering featuring an eagle-in-flight privy mark

Market Potential and Reception

The collaboration taps into significant market potential:

  • The collectibles market size reached $426 billion in 2023

  • Mobile games grossed $108 billion in the same year

Early market testing has shown promising results:

  • Alpha and beta tests received "emphatically positive" responses from players

  • The rewards system appears to be a strong differentiating factor

  • A prototype reward coin sold for $350 at Gary Vaynerchuk's VeeCon festival

Key Figures Behind Nice Gang

Nice Gang boasts a team of industry veterans:

  • Mark Salzberg: Chairman and founder of Certified Collectibles Group and Numismatic Guaranty Corporation

  • Vincent Nguyen: Chief Creative Officer and Co-Founder, with experience in major animated franchises

  • Jason Wasserman: CEO and Co-Founder, former executive at 20th Century Fox and The Walt Disney Studios

Launch and Availability

Eighth Era is scheduled for release on mobile app stores worldwide in October 2024. Interested collectors and gamers can visit www.NiceGang.com to watch the trailer, learn more about the game, and sign up for notifications regarding the unique United States Mint offerings. This collaboration represents a significant step in the Mint's efforts to connect with younger collectors and introduce them to the world of numismatics through an engaging, interactive platform.

The United States Mint Selects Stack’s Bowers Galleries to Sell Privy Mark 230th Anniversary Flowing Hair High Relief Gold Coins

The 2024 Flowing Hair High Relief Gold Coins, commemorating the 230th anniversary of America's first silver dollar, achieved remarkable success at auction.

Auction Results

  • Stack's Bowers Galleries auctioned 230 privy-marked coins on December 12, 2024

  • Total realized: $8,230,000

Coin Details

  • 1 oz .9999 fine gold

  • Struck at West Point Mint

  • High relief design

  • "230" privy mark

  • Obverse and reverse designs based on 1794 Flowing Hair dollar

Historical Significance

  • Commemorates the 1794 Flowing Hair silver dollar

  • Original 1794 dollar: first U.S. silver dollar, designed by Robert Scot

  • Initial mintage: 1,758 coins

  • Fewer than 150 1794 dollars estimated to survive today

Numismatic Information

  • Third collaboration between U.S. Mint and Stack's Bowers

  • Coins sold in striking order (1 to 230)

  • Graded by PCGS

  • Special Certificate of Authenticity signed by U.S. Mint Director

The auction's success underscores the enduring appeal of early American coin designs and the strong market for modern reinterpretations of classic numismatic treasures

The 1850 Baldwin & Co. Horseman $10 Gold Coin: A Rare Echo of California's Gold Rush

The 1850 Baldwin & Co. Horseman $10 gold coin is a rare and significant artifact from the California Gold Rush era. Here's a concise summary of its history and importance:

Origins and Design

  • Frederick D. Kohler, a San Francisco coiner, commissioned engraver Albrecht Kuner to create a unique $10 gold coin design in 1850.

  • Kuner's design featured a vaquero (cowboy) on horseback, inspired by an 1831 print titled "Californians Throwing the Lasso" by F.W. Beechey.

  • This design was distinctly different from the typical Liberty Head gold coinage of the time.

Transition to Baldwin & Co.

  • On March 15, 1850, Kohler sold his business to Baldwin & Co., owned by George C. Baldwin and Thomas S. Holman.

  • Baldwin & Co. continued using Kuner's Horseman design for their $10 gold pieces.

Production and Issues

  • The 1850 Horseman $10 contained 99.6% of its stated gold value, making it Baldwin & Co.'s most honest product.

  • Later issues were found to be debased, leading to public distrust and eventual decline of private mints in California.

Rarity and Value

  • Only 20 to 25 examples of the 1850 Horseman $10 are believed to exist in private hands.

  • The coin's rarity and unique design make it highly valuable to collectors.

Historical Significance

  • The coin represents the entrepreneurial spirit of the Gold Rush era and California's cultural diversity.

  • Its vaquero design acknowledges California's Mexican heritage and cowboy culture.

In essence, the 1850 Baldwin & Co. Horseman $10 gold coin is a rare and valuable numismatic treasure that encapsulates the history, culture, and economic dynamics of Gold Rush-era California.

Small mintages tend to produce good results, as with a 1976 National Bicentennial Medal MS65 NGC that sold for $49,200. This medal was the Mint’s ultimate tribute to the National Bicentennial, designed by Chief Engraver Frank Gasparro, and the largest gold medal ever produced by the U.S. Mint, measuring 76mm in diameter and weighing 14.72 troy ounces of .900 fine gold. Each medal is numbered on the edge; this medal is number 13 from a reported distribution of 424, although an unknown number of those produced were likely melted in the 1980s.

1924-S Double Eagle, MS65 NGC, caught the attention of numerous bidders, selling for $60,000

Although nearly a decade removed from the 1933 Gold Recall mandated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 1924-S was heavily melted in the mid-1930s. Of the 2.9 million struck, most remained in government control by 1933. Approximately 250,000 were “put out” to the Federal Reserve banks, but few ever made it into domestic commerce; the majority eventually returned to the Mint and were melted down. It is believed the surviving population has dwindled to roughly 1,100 examples.

The only example to earn a PR66 grade with the coveted Star designation, which indicates exceptional eye appeal, this coin is among just 291 examples that NGC has certified as proofs. Of those, just 25 fall into the PR66 grade range, the finest of which—the example offered in this auction—is the lone offering to carry the Star designation.

Rare 1870-CC Double Eagle Lifts Heritage’s US Coins Auction Above $5.6 Million

An 1870-CC Double Eagle, XF45 NGC sold for $312,000 on December 12-15, 2024

“This is one of the few survivors of this exceptional coin, which is one of the greatest trophy-level coins of the entire double eagle series,” says Todd Imhof, Executive Vice President of Heritage Auctions. “Only 3,789 were originally struck, and of those, estimates of its surviving population have ranged from just 40 to 65, making it the rarest gold coin from this historically important Mint.

New York, NY (July 26, 2024) — The Trustees of the American Numismatic Society (ANS) have selected Dr. William E. Metcalf as the recipient of the 2024 Archer M. Huntington Award in recognition of his extraordinary contributions to the fields of Roman and Byzantine numismatics. A reception will take place on October 19, 2024, at the ANS headquarters in New York City, beginning at 4:00 PM ET, followed by the award ceremony at 4:30 PM ET. During the event, Dr. Metcalf will deliver the Silvia Mani Hurter Memorial Lecture on “The Making of Roman Provincial Coinage (X).” Attendees are invited to RSVP for in-person attendance.

Dr. Metcalf earned his academic credentials from the University of Michigan, receiving an A.B. in Latin with distinction and highest honors in 1969, an A.M. in Classical Studies in 1970, and a Ph.D. in Classical Studies in 1973. He began his illustrious career at the ANS in 1973 as Assistant Curator of Roman and Byzantine Coins, later becoming Chief Curator in 1979, a role he held until 2000. In 2002, Dr. Metcalf took on the position of Curator of Coins and Medals at the Yale University Art Gallery and Professor of Classics (adj.) at Yale University. He also served as the Ben Lee Damsky Curator of Coins and Medals from 2007 to 2014, and has held teaching positions at numerous esteemed institutions, including Columbia University, Princeton University, and New York University.

Dr. Metcalf’s scholarly contributions are vast. His published works include notable books such as The Cistophori of Hadrian (ANS, 1980), The Silver Coinage of Cappadocia: Vespasian-Commodus (ANS, 1996), and The Later Republican Cistophori (ANS, 2017). Additionally, he edited The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Roman Coinage (Oxford University Press, 2012). His contributions extend to editorial boards of prestigious journals, including American Journal of Numismatics and American Journal of Archaeology. He has also served on numerous committees for organizations such as the Archaeological Institute of America and the Society for Classical Studies.

Among his many accolades, Dr. Metcalf was a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London (1998), and the William E. Metcalf Lecture Series of the Archaeological Institute of America was established in his honor in 2000. He received the Jeton de Vermeil from the Société Française de Numismatique in 2008, and the ANS honored him with the publication of Concordia Disciplinarum: Essays on Ancient Coinage, History, and Archaeology in Honor of William E. Metcalf in 2018.

The Archer M. Huntington Award, first presented in 1918, honors outstanding career contributions to numismatic scholarship. The current award medal, designed by Eugene L. Daub, continues to symbolize excellence in the field.